Water use in current time brings about the following problem. Urban water demand is growing up while rainfall keeps somehow constant. Agriculture area does not increase and water savings are feasible with better irrigation techniques.
Recent experiences in California Valley and Chinese regions give some idea how to deal with these scenarios before the problem exploits by itself. The problem requires to construct rational solutions. From a set of solutions we should choose the best one in order to satisfy given assumptions. Here, it is the point, because the answers depend on the relevant information possessed or collected either. Utilization of total information is not given to anyone and political decisions should be supported on logical basis. Thus, the goal of this paper is to establish the optimal solution working on the mathematical form in water problems searching the demands and supplies.
The demand comes from the urban areas and the supply from the agriculture.
Demand from surface water and supply from groundwater. The problem could go beyond these simple scenarios, for instance when water quality is included or groundwater depends on the irrigation techniques.
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