Interlingual orthographic neighborhood frequency was manipulated in a monolingual lexical decision task and a language decision task. The material was composed of words that are specific to a language (French or Spanish) and words of a target language that have an orthographic neighbor that is more frequent in the other language. Concerning the lexical decision task, bilinguals process interlingual neighbors more slowly than specific words, for the French lists (dominant language) as well as for the Spanish lists (non-dominant language). For both languages, similar interferences were observed for interlingual orthographic neighbors in the language decision task. These results are discussed with reference to the bilingual interactive activation model (BIA) that proposes the existence of a non-selective initial access to two integrated lexicons.
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