In distinctio 20 of his decretum Gratian establishes a hierarchy between papal decretals and patristic texts. In respect of this hierarchy and its distinction of different kinds of powers of the popes and the church fathers distinctio 20 frequently has been paid attention to by former research. We owe it to Charles Munier that he made it clear that Gratian did not refer to the textual hierarchy mentioned before when he tried to harmonize the seemingly discordant texts.
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