Resumen de Pautas para el seguimiento clínico del niño pequeño para la edad gestacional
Ignacio Díez López, Antonio de Arriba Muñoz, J. Bosch Muñoz, Paloma Cabanas Rodríguez, E. Gallego Gómez, María José Martínez-Aedo Ollero, J. M. Rial Rodríguez, A. C. Rodríguez Debli, Ramón Cañete Estrada, Lourdes Ibáñez Toda
In this document the Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Child Working Group of the Spanish Society for Paediatric Endocrinology proposes the guidelines for the management and follow-up of SGA children, highlighting the potential morbidity arising from the SGA condition and its consequences in adulthood.
Material and methods There is currently a wide variability in the management of the SGA child between health centres and health professionals. The diagnostic criteria for SGA according to the last international consensus guidelines are defined, which also include preterm SGA patients but excluding those patients in whom low birthweigh is associated with specific syndromes. We also outline the potential abnormalities associated with the SGA condition and recommend specific therapeutic and preventative measures.
Conclusions Low birth weight remains a major cause of morbidity in childhood and is associated with an increased risk of health problems later in life. Childhood is a critical window during which some of the risk factors accounting for this sequence are potentially reversible, with healthy lifestyle measures and environmental intervention. Accordingly, these guidelines should be useful not only for Primary Care Paediatricians but also for Neonatologists, Paediatric Endocrinologists, Neuropaediatricians and Pediatric Gastroenterologists, and also for the parents.
