Resumen de The TWD principle post-Lisbon
In its celebrated TWD judgment in 1994, the Court of Justice established one-way exclusivity between the action for annulment and the reference on validity. Subsequent case law and academic criticism further elaborated on this issue; have they clarified its constituent facts?. In 2009, the Treaty of Lisbon expanded the standing of natural and legal persons to challenge certain measures of general application; does TWD apply to such measures too?
