Resumen de Efecto de la suplementación de megadosis de Vitamina A en niños desnutridos severos y eutróficos, Cochabamba, Bolivia

María Nancy Verduguez Sandagorda, Haldrin Antonio Bejarano Forqueras

• español

  Objetivos: establecer relacion del valor serico de retinol antes y despues de la administracion de la mega dosis de vitamina A. Metodos:

  estudio descriptivo y comparativo. Se incluyeron 20 ninos menores de 5 anos que fueron internados en el Hospital del Nino Manuel Ascencio Villarroel de la ciudad de Cochabamba, de los cuales 10 tenian el diagnostico de desnutrido severo grave, y 10 de eutroficos. Se midieron niveles sericos de retinol mediante Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Presion (HPLC) en plasma sanguineo al ingreso, 7 y 30 dias posteriores a la administracion de mega dosis de vitamina A. Resultados: la primera muestra reporta retinol serico por debajo de 20 �Êg/ dl en ambos grupos, este valor aumenta a mas de 30 �Êg/dl a los 7 dias, y se mantiene en la tercera muestra (mes). No se observaron signos clinicos de deficiencia de vitamina A en ninos eutroficos. Todos los ninos desnutridos presentaron algun signo clinico de desnutricion y de deficiencia de vitamina A como ser: xerosis conjuntival y corneal en 50%, disminucion del crecimiento 60%, infeccion bacteriana, 100%, lesiones en piel, 40% y alteraciones en los cabellos 60%. Conclusiones: en la poblacion estudiada existe deficiencia subclinica de Vitamina A, tanto en desnutridos como eutroficos y este valor aumenta hasta niveles de normalidad con la administracion de la megadosis de vitamina A suplementada.

• English

  Objectives: to determine the impact of serum retinol in children severely malnourished and eutrophic children who received megadoses of vitamin A, establish relationship of serum retinol before and after administration of megadoses of vitamin A. Methods: descriptive cross comparison, 20 children under 5 years who were hospitalized at the Children�s Hospital Manuel Ascencio Villarroel in Cochabamba Of which 10 had a diagnosis of severe severely malnourished, and 10 were children under eutrophic. Level was measured retinol income after 7 and 30 days of administration of megadoses of vitamin A, retinol concentration was determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in blood plasma. Results: the first sample is serum retinol below 20 mg / dL in both groups, this value increases to more than 30 g / dl in the second sample (7 days) and is held in the third sample (months). No clinical signs were observed deficiency in eutrophic children, whereas in all malnourished children were found clinical signs of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency as 50% conjunctival and corneal xerosis, decreased growth, 60%, bacterial infection, 100%, skin lesions, 40% and changes in the hair 60%. Conclusions: in this population there is subclinical deficiency of vitamin A, both nourished and malnourished as this value increases to normal levels with the administration of megadoses of vitamin A supplemented.