Capture, crawl, cross: the T cell code to breach the blood-brain barriers

• Autores: Britta Engelhardt, Richard M. Ransohoff
• Localización: Trends in immunology, ISSN 1471-4906, Vol. 33, Nº. 12, 2012, págs. 579-589
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically privileged site to which access of circulating immune cells is tightly controlled by the endothelial blood�brain barrier (BBB; see ) localized in CNS microvessels, and the epithelial blood�cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) within the choroid plexus. As a result of the specialized structure of the CNS barriers, immune cell entry into the CNS parenchyma involves two differently regulated steps: migration of immune cells across the BBB or BCSFB into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-drained spaces of the CNS, followed by progression across the glia limitans into the CNS parenchyma. With a focus on multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal models, this review summarizes the distinct molecular mechanisms required for immune cell migration across the different CNS barriers.