18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is an important tool for detecting the early stages of Alzheimer disease (AD). This article discusses the multiple roles FDG-PET plays in helping to diagnose AD, including detecting the disease in the prodromal and early dementia stages, differential diagnosis of dementia, documenting and quantifying cognitive decline, and predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD. In addition, the role of structural magnetic resonance imaging, underutilization of FDG-PET, and a suggested multimodal approach for early AD diagnosis are discussed.
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