We use social exchange theory to examine how interpersonal justice among directors of the board and between a director and the CEO affects the director's monitoring and resource provision behaviors. Our findings show that interpersonal justice is positively related to both monitoring and resource provision by directors. Our results also show that interpersonal justice with board members and with the CEO have different effects on the board member's behaviors between three countries, i.e., Canada, Singapore, and Spain. We found that CEO interpersonal justice is positively associated with resource provision for directors in Canada, while board interpersonal justice is positively related to both monitoring and resource provision for directors in Singapore and Spain.
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