Resumen de PKM2 and ACVR 1C are prognostic markers for poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer

J. Li, Z. Yang, Q. Zou, Y. Yuan, J. Li, L. Liang, G. Zeng, S. Chen

• Purpose To identify biological markers related to the progression and prognosis of GBC.

  Methods The expressions of pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (PKM2) and activin A receptor type IC (ACVR 1C) in 46 squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas (SC/ASC) and 80 adenocarcinomas (AC) were examined using immunohistochemistry.

  Results Positive PKM2 and negative ACVR 1C expressions were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, invasion and TNM stage of SC/ASCs and ACs. Univariate Kaplan�Meier analysis showed that either elevated PKM2 or loss of ACVR 1C expression significantly correlated with shorter average survival times in both SC/ASC and AC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive PKM2 expression and loss of ACVR 1C expression were poor prognosis biomarkers in both SC/ASC and AC patients.

  Conclusions Our study suggested that PKM2 overexpression is a marker of metastasis, invasion and poor prognosis of GBC. ACVR 1C is a tumor suppressor, and lowered ACVR 1C expression is an important marker for the metastasis, invasion, and prognosis of GBC.