From observations of individual behaviour to social representations of personality: : Developmental pathways, attribution biases, and limitations of questionnaire methods

• Autores: Jana Uher, Christina S. Werner, Karlijn Gosselt
• Localización: Journal of Research in Personality, ISSN-e 1095-7251, Vol. 47, Nº. 5, 2013, págs. 647-667
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Socio-cognitive abilities to recognise and to represent individual-specificity�even in some nonhuman species�are central to human life. Using a novel philosophy-of-science paradigm, we explored these abilities over 3 years in 6 waves by investigating individual-specific behaviours of 104 crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and the representations that 99 human observers�experts and novices�developed of them. By applying the non-lexical Behavioural Repertoire × Environmental Situations Approach, we generated 18 macaque-specific personality constructs. They were operationalised with behavioural measures to study the macaques and with two rating formats to study the observers� representations. Analyses of reliability, cross-method coherence, taxonomic structures, associations with demographic factors, and 12�24-month stabilities highlighted essential differences between individual-specific behaviours and pertinent representations, explored developmental pathways of representations, and illuminated attribution biases and limitations of questionnaire methods.