Resumen de Estudio de la prescripción farmacológica en el servicio de urgencias
Maria Bella Badia Tahull, J. Ventura, Josep Manuel Llop Talaverón, Joan Escarrabill Sanglas, R. Ramon
Objective: To analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the external pharmacological prescription set forth in the hospital's emergency service. Patients and methods: Observational and descriptive study of pharmacological prescriptions of patients that were assisted and entered into the hospital's emergency service for a week. They are gathered population data, diagnosis orientation, prescribed specialties and posology. The diagnoses are classified and to every specialty it is associated: Active principles, administration pathway, therapeutic group, intrinsic pharmacological value (IPV), defined daily dose (DDD) and retail price. The data are processed with Microsoft Access It is calculated the «DDD indicator per 100 emergencies/day» and it is applied the Chi-square test in order to study the IPV in every diagnostic category. Results: They are studied 1,222 patients and 1,644 prescriptions of 529 distinct active principles. 24% of the patients were not prescribed any treatment and the rest were prescribed an average of 1.77 medications. The most diagnosed pathologies were locomotive apparatus diseases (22%)and injuries (16%). The most prescribed pharmacological groups were: N 28% (nervous system) and M 22% (locomotive apparatus). 92% of prescriptions are included in the hospital's pharmacotherapeutic guide and 86% are specialties of high intrinsic value. The average cost is 1,392 PTA per patient, 1,035 PTA per prescription and 125 PTA per day of treatment. The highest DDD values per 100 emergencies/ day are: Diclophenac 21.9, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid 10.3, paracetamol 9.3 and methamizol 7.1. There exist significant statistical differences in the IPV of some of the diagnosed categories. Conclusion: The most prescribed active principles are of contrasted efficiency with their primary election among their group and with years of experience in the market. The intrinsic pharmacological value of every prescription is high, as well as the degree of compliance with the pharmacotherapeutic guide
