n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate metabolism of insulin-sensitive tissues: implication for the prevention of type 2 diabetes
- Autores: Alexandre Pinel, Béatrice Morio-Liondore, Frédéric Capel
- Localización: Journal of physiology and biochemistry, ISSN-e 1877-8755, ISSN 1138-7548, Vol. 70, Nº. 2, 2014 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Special Section on the CTP network: Original papers from the 10th meeting of the CTPIOD (Contribution To Progress in Obesity and Diabetes Research), 22th of May 2013, Reus, Spain.), págs. 647-658
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
-
Resumen
Obesity is frequently associated with the development of type 2 diabetes which is firstly characterized by a defect in the response of key metabolic tissues to insulin (insulin resistance). The imbalance in fatty composition of the diet, a low-grade inflammatory state have been described to be involved in the initiation or the amplification of the molecular events involved in this process. The concept of a specific nutritional intervention has emerged as a promising tool against metabolic disorders associated with obesity. In this context, many investigations were conducted to evaluate the potential beneficial impacts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). The aim of the present review was to summarize the current knowledge about the role of docosahexanoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) on key metabolic organs. Only studies aiming to understand the mechanism of actions were selected. The analysis of randomized clinical trial about n-3 PUFA was not considered here. The effects of n-3 PUFA were analyzed in the adipose tissue, the liver, skeletal muscle and the pancreas in the context of obesity and lipid oversupply. Furthermore, in line with recent findings about the role of the modulation of gut microbiota in obesity-related disorders, we summarized the recent findings about the possible link between n-3 PUFA and change in microbiota composition.
