We present a framework for the determination of the economic and institutional transparency of a nation through a bottom-up approach. We adopt a recent model that utilizes the principal-agent framework in order to identify a political entity�s important transparency characteristics. The transparency of the different political levels of a nation is evaluated and appropriately aggregated to form a measure of national transparency. The evaluation at each level is carried out by identifying important areas where corruption and inefficiency usually happens and determining whether information on these areas is available in government portals. The main contribution of the paper is in helping unbundle the measure of transparency. This has many implications, including the provision of a good fundament for the efficient allocation of resources, providing objective information for contributing to the enacting of appropriate policies, and pinpointing areas and government levels where more transparency is neeed for more accountability, participation, and the reduction of corruption and inefficiency.
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