Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's first publication on color theory refers back to an intense dialog with the critical philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Goethe's Beiträge zur Optik (Contributions to optics) of 1791 included 12 small cards that served as representations of chromatic phenomena for the formation of images. The design of images based on the appearance of colors reflected his wish to contrast Isaac Newton's physical color theory, where geometrical figures were observed as “concepts” constructed according to mathematical rules, with a phenomenological understanding of colors. Goethe's differentiation between “concept” and “image” very likely has its roots in Kant's book Critique of Pure Reason , which he had studied in-depth in fall and winter 1790–91—immediately before the appearance of the first edition of the book with the color cards in spring and summer 1791. This article is part of a research project on the images of Goethe's color theory.
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