We describe the roots and foundaments of the Tibetan medical tradition, emphasizing the balance of the three elements («Nyespa») for the physical Shealth and the concept of mental health for this culture, strongly intertwined with Buddhist doctrine. Afterwards, we have compared psychiatric disorders described in the most famous medical text from Tibet, the "rGyud-bShi", with diagnostic criteria from the most important nosotaxic classification of the modero Westem psychiatry, the DSM-IV. Amazingly, sirnilarities are so evident that sorne of the main Tibetan mental disorders could be diagnosed at present. Differences are discussed on a cross-cultural bases.
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