Here I reply to Jean Gayon's, Tim Lewens's, and Samir Okasha's comments on Did Darwin write the Origin backwards? The topics addressed include: (1) Darwin's thinking that common ancestry is "evidentially prior" to natural selection; (2) how Darwin uses phylogenetic trees to test hypotheses concerning natural selection; (3) how group and indivdiual selection should be defined, and how each is related to the concept of adaptation.
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