Resumen de El tardío nacimiento de las Cajas de Ahorro Castellano-Manchegas y el desarrollo regional (1955-1991)

Remedios Ramón Dangla

• español

  La mayor parte de cajas de ahorro españolas surgieron durante el siglo XIX pero, en Castilla- La Mancha, hubo que esperar al tardo-franquismo para que apareciera un nicho de mercado que favoreciese su creación y crecimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es ver los motivos por los que las cajas de ahorro no tuvieron éxito en la Mancha hasta el desarrollismo franquista. Para ello, hemos analizado las estadísticas del INE, CECA y BBV durante más de 30 años y hemos visto cómo se articulaba el sector financiero manchego y cómo, el intervencionismo franquista creó ese hueco de mercado que propició su aparición.

• English

  The Spanish Savings Banks have theirs origins in the return of the liberals exiled who had to leave the country during the reign of Fernando VII. The new liberal doctrine came from the British legal tradition and tried to spread the spirit of the estimate and the saving as social behavior. Their establishment was through the Royal Order of 3 April of 1835, related to the Savings Banks and Piety Mount, by virtue of which it was the Piety Mount’s allowed to funding and their growth through Savings Banks.

  The model was simple: to gain the lower classes saving, to pay them a modest interest and in this way, to nourish the Piety Mounts who would supply credit to the more disadvantaged investors of the society.

  The importance of this function never escaped to the vision of the governments who always legislated reserving the State the possibility to use the lower classes savings for public funding.

  The maximum example of the public intervention was Franco´s dictatorship which wanted to flood the country with saving banks to raise money to finance the economic policy of the New State.

  REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS REGIONALES Nº 102, I.S.S.N.: 0213-7585 (2015), PP. 209-234