Water and beverage consumption among a Mediterranean sample

• C. Garagarza ^[1] ; A. Valente ^[1] ; E. Garicano Vilar ^[2] ; I. San Mauro Martín ^[2]
  1. [1] Research Centre in Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Portugal
  2. [2] Research Centre in Human Nutrition and Dietetics, España
• Localización: Nutrición hospitalaria: Órgano oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Clínica y Metabolismo (SENPE), ISSN-e 1699-5198, ISSN 0212-1611, Vol. 32, Nº. Extra 2 (Diciembre 2015), 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: II INTERNATIONAL AND IV SPANISH HYDRATION CONGRESS), págs. 30-31
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Introduction: Appropriate hydration is essential for health. Water and other beverages are generally available to the population without limitations, but consumption patterns show variability across Europe.

    Objective: To evaluate the liquid intake habits of a Mediterranean population (Spain- Portugal) and if they support the current EFSA policies and recommendations related to hydration.

    Method: A record of fluid intake was obtained from 826 participants from both countries and compared with current hydration consensus.

    Results: The average fluid intake was within the recommended: 1,600–2,000 mL/day (mean of 1800 mL/day). Portugal, in particular, had a lower intake (mean of 1365 mL/day), while Spain had a mean of 2,236 mL/day. Though water had a large contribution to total fluid intake (mean of 1,500 mL/day in Spain and 1,000 mL/day in Portugal), tap water consumption was higher than bottled water (23.3% vs. 6.1%, Spain). Milk and milk products (72.9%) and hot beverages (61.3%), in Spain, and hot beverages (5.9%) and milk (3%), in Portugal, follow water regarding the highest consumption. Only 8.5% of Spaniards and 2.5% of Portuguese knew hydration recommendations, and 7.5% and 9.6%, respectively, followed them.

    Conclusions: The population studied does not ingest enough amount of liquid. The inconsistency and heterogeneity of data could be the result of a lack of a standard method for assessment of hydration status and insufficient knowledge regarding fluid intake recommendations.