Resumen de “Nacido en el país al amparo de la hidalga Nación Española”. Los usos del factor racial en el control del poder local en Filipinas a finales del siglo XIX
- español
En el artículo se rastrean los usos de la raza y el mestizaje en el acceso y control del poder local en Filipinas durante la dominación colonial española. Se analiza cómo la raza determinó la ubicación de cada individuo dentro de la pirámide de poder de la colonia, categorías raciales que moldearon y quedaron solidificadas en la legislación y sirvieron para aquilatar privilegios y excepciones. Se indagan las dicotómicas estrategias desplegadas por las élites nativas en relación al poder local durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
- English
The article traces the use and exploitation of race and racial mixing in access to and control of local authorities in the Philippines during Spanish colonial rule, the only level of government available to native people. It analyzes how race determined the position of each individual in the colonial power pyramid—racial categories that were subsequently shaped by and enshrined in law and served to appraise privileges and exceptions. It explores the dichotomous strategies used by native elites in relation to local power during the second half of the nineteenth century. Those Principalías who did not wish to be in local government, or considered them onerous, used racial categories to shirk these responsibilities. By contrast, in the case of Principalías which were interested in occupying these local positions, the elites resorted to a defensive strategy which used the racial system to their advantage to prevent these posts being illegally usurped by Spaniards and Spanish mestizos.
