The article looks at the past, present, and future use of coal as a fuel and energy source, in the context of the concern over climate change related to greenhouse-gas emissions. It describes how burning coal provided the massive amount of energy needed for the industrial revolution in Europe and the U.S., and more recently for the rapid economic growth of China. It discusses the dilemma for developing countries where the need for more electric power generation is acute. Topics include air pollution, lack of electricity as a significant factor in poverty and infant mortality, and renewable energy sources.
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