Yanque, a village in the Colca Valley of southern Peru, was the capital of the Spanish province of Collaguas during the colonial period (1532-1821). It was also the seat of a Franciscan convent responsible for baptizing the native population, instructing them in Catholic doctrine and Spanish social customs, and discouraging indigenous worship of ancestors, mountains, and forces of nature. Supervised by Franciscan friars and “master builders” hired in the nearby town of Arequipa, native workers constructed a church in the sixteenth century and rebuilt it on a grander scale after the walls and roof collapsed during the 1668 earthquake.
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