One for you, one for me: : Humans’ unique turn-taking skills

• Autores: Alicia P. Melis, Patricia Grocke, Josefine Kalbitz, Michael Tomasello
• Localización: Psychological Science, ISSN-e 1467-9280, Vol. 27, Nº. 7, 2016, págs. 987-996
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Long-term collaborative relationships require that any jointly produced resources be shared in mutually satisfactory ways. Prototypically, this sharing involves partners dividing up simultaneously available resources, but sometimes the collaboration makes a resource available to only one individual, and any sharing of resources must take place across repeated instances over time. Here, we show that beginning at 5 years of age, human children stabilize cooperation in such cases by taking turns across instances of obtaining a resource. In contrast, chimpanzees do not take turns in this way, and so their collaboration tends to disintegrate over time. Alternating turns in obtaining a collaboratively produced resource does not necessarily require a prosocial concern for the other, but rather requires only a strategic judgment that partners need incentives to continue collaborating. These results suggest that human beings are adapted for thinking strategically in ways that sustain long-term cooperative relationships and that are absent in their nearest primate relatives.