Resumen de Effects of Vitamin D in the Prevention of Acute Viral Bronchiolitis: Systematic Review
Angélica Maria Barba Rueda, Edgar Enrique Sarria Icaza, Marcelo Comerlato Scotta, Leonardo Araújo Pinto, Ângela de Moura, Rafaela Becker, Matheus Dorigatti Soldatelli, Matias Epifanio, Eduardo Mundstock, Rita Mattiello
Aims: Published evidence suggests that Vitamin D supplementation may have a protective effect on infectious disease of the lower respiratory tract. The objective of this review was to critically appraise the effects of vitamin D intake in the prevention of acute viral bronchiolitis in children.
Methods: We searched the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, until December 2014. Keywords: "Vitamin D" OR cholecalciferol OR ergocalciferol AND "bronchiolitis, viral" OR bronchiolitides, viral OR "bronchiolitides viral". Eligibility Criteria: We included studies evaluating the effect of vitamin D intake in the prevention of acute viral bronchiolitis in young children. Studies with less than two weeks of intervention and review articles were excluded.
Results: The search identified 241 articles; twenty were selected for full reading but only two were included in the systematic review, comprising 296 children. No study measured serum vitamin D. One of them was a clinical trial, where the number of episodes of acute viral bronchiolitis was significantly lower in children supplemented with vitamin D (Group I: mean: 0.6 ± 0.7 Group II: mean: 1.4 ± 0.9; p = 0.001). The other, a case-control study, did not find a significant relationship between the occurrence of acute viral bronchiolitis cases and the intake of vitamin D (OR 1.7 95% CI 0.7 to 4.0).
Conclusions: Current scientific evidence is insufficient to prove clinical benefits of vitamin D in preventing acute viral bronchiolitis.
