Resumen de Efecto antiaterogénico de la atorvastatina en pollos alimentados con una dieta rica en colesterol

J.V. Ortega, Bartolomé García Pérez, Jacinto Fernández Pardo, M. Teresa Castells, S. Escobar, M. Valdés

• español

  Fundamento El modelo animal de aves para el estudio experimental de la aterosclerosis ha sido poco utilizado Objetivo Demostrar el efecto antiaterogénico de la atorvastatina a dosis de 3 mg/kg/día en pollos alimentados con una dieta rica en colesterol Métodos Se han utilizado 18 pollos de raza Leghorn, de 15 días de edad, separados al azar en tres grupos: a) grupo control, alimentado con dieta normal; b) grupo aterogénico, con dieta rica en huevos, y c) grupo aterogénico tratado con atorvastatina. Transcurridas 8 semanas, se procedió al sacrificio de los animales, previa extracción de muestras sanguíneas para realizar distintas determinaciones. Se disecó la aorta torácica y abdominal para, tras tinción con Sudán III, cuantificar por planimetría la extensión y desarrollo de las placas arteroscleróticas, comparando los resultados de cada grupo Resultados En el grupo tratado con atorvastatina, las concentraciones (media ± desviación estándar) de colesterol LDL fueron significativamente más bajas que en el grupo aterogénico control (159,6 ± 69,5 frente a 291,0 ± 144,1 mg/dl; p < 0,05). Similares diferencias se observaron en las concentraciones de colesterol no HDL (163,8 ± 70,1 frente a 295,2 ± 144,5 mg/dl; p < 0,05) y en el porcentaje del área aórtica afectada por la placa arteriosclerótica (6,0 ± 4,9% frente al 18,7 ± 3,2%; p < 0,01). Los restantes parámetros analizados no presentaron diferencias significativas entre los distintos grupos Conclusiones En el presente modelo experimental, la atorvastatina disminuyó significativamente las concentraciones de cLDL y no HDL en un 45%, y redujo el desarrollo de arteriosclerosis aórtica en un 67% Background Experimental model of chickens for atherosclerosis has been poorly used Objective To demonstrate the antiatherogenic effect of atorvastatin (3 mg/kg/day) on an experimental model of chickens fed with a cholesterol-rich diet Methods Eighteen white 15 days-old Leghorn chickens were randomly allocated to one of three groups: a) control group, fed with a normal diet; b) atherogenic control group, fed with an egg rich diet, and c) atherogenic group treated with 3 mg/kg/day of atorvastatin. Eight weeks after, all the animals were sacrificed, blood samples being previously drawn to perform biological analysis. The thoracic and abdominal aorta was dissected to quantify by planimetry, after staining it with Sudan III, the extension and development of the atherosclerotic plaque, comparing the results of each group Results In the group treated with atorvastatin, the levels (mean ± standard deviation) of LDL cholesterol were significantly lower than in the atherogenic control group (159.6 ± 69.5 vs. 291.0 ± 144.1 mg/dl; p < 0.05). Similar differences were observed in the levels of non-HDL cholesterol (163.8 ± 70.1 vs. 295.2 ± 144.5 mg/dl; p < 0.05) and in the percentage of the aortic area affected by the plaque (6.0 ± 4.9% vs. 18.7 ± 3.2%; p < 0.01). The remainder parameters did not show significant differences among the groups Conclusions In the present experimental model, atorvastatin significantly decreased the concentrations of LDL and non-HDL cholesterol about 45% and reduced the development of aortic arteriosclerosis by 67%

• English

  Background Experimental model of chickens for atherosclerosis has been poorly used.

  Objective To demonstrate the antiatherogenic effect of atorvastatin (3 mg/kg/day) on an experimental model of chickens fed with a cholesterol-rich diet.

  Methods Eighteen white 15 days-old Leghorn chickens were randomly allocated to one of three groups: a) control group, fed with a normal diet; b) atherogenic control group, fed with an egg rich diet, and c) atherogenic group treated with 3 mg/kg/day of atorvastatin. Eight weeks after, all the animals were sacrificed, blood samples being previously drawn to perform biological analysis. The thoracic and abdominal aorta was dissected to quantify by planimetry, after staining it with Sudan III, the extension and development of the atherosclerotic plaque, comparing the results of each group.

  Results In the group treated with atorvastatin, the levels (mean ± standard deviation) of LDL cholesterol were significantly lower than in the atherogenic control group (159.6 ± 69.5 vs. 291.0 ± 144.1 mg/dl; p < 0.05). Similar differences were observed in the levels of non-HDL cholesterol (163.8 ± 70.1 vs. 295.2 ± 144.5 mg/dl; p < 0.05) and in the percentage of the aortic area affected by the plaque (6.0 ± 4.9% vs. 18.7 ± 3.2%; p < 0.01). The remainder parameters did not show significant differences among the groups.

  Conclusions In the present experimental model, atorvastatin significantly decreased the concentrations of LDL and non-HDL cholesterol about 45% and reduced the development of aortic arteriosclerosis by 67%.