Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Before and After Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity With Cyanoacrylate and Laser

• Autores: Thiago César Lima, Natália Maria Vieira Barbosa, Camila Grasielle de Sá Azevedo, Fabiana Rodrigues de Matos, Dhelfeson Willya Douglas de Oliveira, Evandro Silveira de Oliveira, Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge, Patrícia Furtado Gonçalves, Olga Dumont Flecha
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Vol. 88, Nº. 2, 2017, págs. 166-172
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: The aim of this longitudinal study is to verify changes in the oral health-related quality of life of patients 180 days after treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) with laser and cyanoacrylate.

    Methods: This clinical, controlled, randomized, double-masked trial used a split-mouth design, and quadrants were randomized to receive either laser or cyanoacrylate treatments. All patients received both treatments. The study included 62 patients aged 12 to 60 years (mean: 31.4 years) in whom a total of 432 teeth were treated. Quadrants were randomly distributed into two groups: cyanoacrylate (n = 218 teeth) or laser (n = 216 teeth) treatment. DH was evaluated with air and cold stimuli at 24 hours, 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire was applied at baseline and 180 days after treatment.

    Results: There were statistically significant differences in the following OHIP-14 subscales before and after treatment: physical pain (P = 0.002), psychologic discomfort (P <0.001), psychologic disability (P = 0.003), social disability (P = 0.01), and total score (P <0.001). At the end of the study, 80.6% of participants reported an improvement in their condition.

    Conclusion: There was a reduction in the impact of DH on the quality of life of study participants after interventions with laser and cyanoacrylate.

    Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common condition that occurs when dentin is exposed, often causing pain or discomfort.1 Its prevalence ranges from 5% to 85% in the adult population,2 and this discrepancy occurs due to differences in the selection criteria of patients and different diagnostic techniques in different studies.3 Patients with DH were affected by pain and tended to change daily habits, leading to changes in their way of life.4,5 The impact of DH on daily life is a strong motivation to seek dental treatment. These patients complain of not being able to enjoy their favorite foods and drinks and tend to feel “very uncomfortable.”6 DH is a clinical condition with a complex etiology that is not well known and may result from an isolated factor or a combination of factors.7-9 As regards the mechanism of action, there are different types of desensitizing agents such as anti-inflammatory, occluding, and depolarization agents10 that will be attributed according to the primary cause of the condition.7,11,12 Recently, cyanoacrylate and laser treatment achieved significant similar results in the treatment of DH.11,13-15 Laser treatment is effective because it increases cellular metabolic activity of odontoblasts, with consequent production of tertiary dentin and closure of dentinal tubules.11,16 Cyanoacrylate was shown to be effective by occluding tubules, thus preventing displacement of dentin fluid and transmission of stimuli.13,17 Since DH can promote behavioral changes and influence health-related quality of life,18 it is important to highlight treatments that have led to improvements in the clinical condition, and therefore, the impact on the quality of life of patients. Thus, the aim of this longitudinal study was to verify the changes in oral health-related quality of life of patients 180 days after treatment of DH by laser and cyanoacrylate. In addition, prevalence of gingival recession in sensitive teeth was investigated. Whether treatment of DH could improve oral health-related quality of life was the hypothesis tested.