Effect of Passive Smoking on the Growth of Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Symptoms in Schoolchildren

• Autores: María del Rosario Fernández Plata, María Rosalba Rojas Martínez, David Martínez Briseño, Cecilia García Sancho, José Rogelio Pérez Padilla
• Localización: Revista de investigación clínica, ISSN 0034-8376, ISSN-e 2564-8896, Vol. 68, Nº. 3, 2016, págs. 119-127
• Idioma: inglés
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Background: Environmental tobacco smoke affects the current and future health of children. Objective: To determine whether schoolchildren aged 8-17 years old residing at an altitude of 2,240 m and exposed to tobacco smoke at home presented a reduction in the growth of pulmonary function and a greater problem of respiratory symptoms and infections compared with non-exposed children. Materials and Methods: We followed, with questionnaires and spirometry, 1,632 boys and 1,555 girls from Mexico City and its metropolitan area (the Metropolitan Study to Evaluate the Chronic Effects of Pollution in School-age Children [EMPECE]) every six months for six years. The impact of passive smoking was estimated by mixed-effects models and Generalized Linear and Latent Mixed Models (GLLAMM), stratifying by gender and adjusting for age, height, weight, and ozone levels. Results: Passive smoking (reported by one-half of participants) was associated with reduced spirometric lung function (log transformed or as Z-scores) and a higher frequency of self-reported respiratory symptoms and respiratory infections. Levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity in individuals exposed to passive smoking were 6.8 and 14.1 ml, respectively, below those of non-exposed children, and these values decreased with increasing number of smokers at home and higher ozone levels.

    Conclusions: Passive smoking in children is a significant risk factor for respiratory disease and reduced lung function growth, which are additive with levels of air pollution, asthma, and the presence of respiratory symptoms. (REV INVES CLIN. 2016;68:119-27)