Oral lesions in HIV positive AIDS adolescents perinatally infected undergoing HAART

• Autores: Luis Alberto Gaitán Cepeda, Anitza Domínguez Sánchez, Noris Pavía-Ruz, Rocío Muñoz-Hernández, Roberto de Jesús Verdugo Díaz, Ana María Valles Medina, Héctor Meráz-Acosta
• Localización: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa, ISSN-e 1698-6946, Vol. 15, Nº. 4 (Julio), 2010
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objective: To assess the prevalence of the oral lesions related to HIV-infection (HIV-OL) in HIV+/AIDS adolescents (=13 years old), and the differences with HIV+/AIDS children (=3 - <13 years old) perinatally infected.

    Material and methods: 25 HIV+/AIDS adolescents and 62 HIV+/AIDS children, undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, were orally examined. HIV-OL was diagnosed in accordance with EC-Clearinghouse-World Health Organization. The patients were classified with respect to their immune status in relation with the CD4+ cell counts as moderately immunodeficient; mildly immunodeficient and severely immunodeficient in accordance to the revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years (CDC-USA). The virological status was established in relation to the copies of RNA-HIV-1/mL as follows: with undetectable viral load (UDVL); with low viral load and with high viral load. A chi-square test was performed (p<0.05IC95%).

    Results: The prevalence of HIV-OL in HIV+/AIDS adolescents was 20% while in HIV/AIDS children was 30.6% (p>0.05). Oral candidiasis was the most prevalent oral lesion in both groups. Association (p <0.05) of a high prevalence of HIV-OL and oral candidiasis with a high viral load was observed in both study groups.

    Conclusions: Adolescents perinatally HIV-infected have a high prevalence of HIV-OL. Oral candidiasis still is the most frequent oral opportunistic infection. Oral lesions could have association to viral failure in HIV+/AIDS adolescents undergoing HAART