Resumen de O ecletismo educacional germânico, precursor da educação comparada? Recepções e legado de Grundsätze de Hermann August Niemeyer no espaço franco-suíço
- français
Hermann August Niemeyer (1754-1828) incarne sans aucun doute un des pédagogues qui a le plus dominé l’éducation allemande du XIXe siècle, quand bien même son œuvre reste peu connue, sinon totalement oubliée. Auteur d’une centaine d’ouvrages et de brochures, ses productions ont circulé dans toute l’Europe et pesé dans la manière d’appréhender et de penser la pédagogie. Il a exposé sa pensée dans une “somme pédagogique totale”, publiée à Halle en 1796 sous le titre de Grundsätze der Erziehung und des Unterrichts für Eltern, Hauslehrer und Erzieher, best-seller pédagogique européen dont le poids et les normes se font encore sentir dans certaines de nos institutions. Cet article cherchera à mettre en lumière la réception de l’ouvrage-phare de Niemeyer dans l’espace franco-suisse. Il s’agira également d’éclairer, à partir des Grundsätze et de l’éclectisme germanique dont Niemeyer est le principal représentant, l’existence d’une tradition comparatiste antérieure aux travaux de Marc-Antoine Jullien, promu "père de l’éducation comparée" par Pedro Rossello le sillage du Bureau international d’éducation fondé à Genève en 1925.
- português
Hermann August Niemeyer (1754-1828) é certamente um dos pedagogos que mais dominou a educação do século XIX, embora sua obra seja pouco conhecida, quase totalmente esquecida. Autor de uma centena de obras e de folhetos, suas produções circularam em toda a Europa e contribuíram no modo de apreender e de pensar a pedagogia. Expôs seu pensamento em um «compêndio pedagógico geral», publicado em Halle em 1796, intitulado Grundsätze der Erziehungund des Unterrichts für Eltern, Hauslehrer und Erzieher, bestseller pedagógico europeu cujo peso e normas ainda se fazem presentes em centenas de nossas instituições. Este artigo procurará esclarecer a recepção da obra norteadora de Niemeyer no espaço franco-suíço. Desvendaremos também, a partir dos Grundsätze e do ecletismo germânico, do qual Niemeyer é o principal representante, a existência de uma tradição comparatista anterior aos trabalhos de Marc-Antoine Jullien, designado «pai da educação comparada» por Pedro Rossello, seguindo a tradição do Bureau international d’éducation fundado em Genebra em 1925.
- English
Hermann August Niemeyer (1754-1828) was certainly one of the most important pedagogue of his time. Although his work is little known, if not completely forgotten, it exercised a longlasting and significant influence on 19th century German education and pedagogical thinking. Niemeyer was the author of over one hundred books and brochures. His publications were circulated throughout Europe and were instrumental in shaping new views on and conceptions of pedagogy. He gave an overview of his thought in Grundsätze der Erziehung und des Unterrichts für Eltern, Hauslehrer und Erzieher (HALLE, 1796), a book he considered as a “comprehensive pedagogical survey” and which soon became a bestseller in Europe. This contribution wants to shed light on the reception of this major work in France and French-speaking part of Switzerland. Niemeyer was the main proponent of German eclectism. In 1925, in the aftermath of the creation of the International Bureau of Education in Geneva, Pedro Rossello designated Marc-Antoine Jullien as “the father of comparative education”. But the Grundsätze and their reception outside the German states suggest that the tradition of Comparative pedagogy has, in fact, earlier roots.
