A summary of a massive mathematical proof that has baffled mathematicians for the past five years aims to help people get to grips with the key ideas. The original proof is of the long-standing ABC conjecture that explores the deep nature of numbers, centered on the simple equation a + b = c. The conjecture has been thought for some time to be true, and in 2012, Shinichi Mochizuki at Kyoto University in Japan produced a proof to settle the matter. Unfortunately, it was 500 pages long and developed a whole new type of mathematics called inter-universal Teichmüller theory that nobody at the time could really understand
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