From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites

• Autores: Ara Koh, Filipe De Vadder, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Fredrik Bäckhed
• Localización: Cell, ISSN 0092-8674, Vol. 165, Nº. 6, 2016, págs. 1332-1345
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • A compelling set of links between the composition of the gut microbiota, the host diet, and host physiology has emerged. Do these links reflect cause-and-effect relationships, and what might be their mechanistic basis? A growing body of work implicates microbially produced metabolites as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. Here, we will review data supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs can directly activate G-coupled-receptors, inhibit histone deacetylases, and serve as energy substrates. They thus affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.