Eleonora María Ardanaz, Virginia Lazzari
En 1903 un grupo de mujeres lideradas por Emmeline Pankhurst funda en Manchester la Women´s Social and Political Union. Esta organización se distingue del resto del movimiento por los derechos políticos de las mujeres de Gran Bretaña, por su radicalidad en las estrategias y métodos de lucha para conseguir su propósito. La respuesta no se hace esperar y lo que primero es violencia simbólica pronto se vuelve castigo físico contra estas mujeres que amenazan el orden social desconociendo su “naturaleza pasiva, dulce y pacífica”. A la utilización de la acción directa, que implica un claro desafío a su supuesta femineidad -como las roturas de vidrios y obras de arte, incendios, e interrupciones de mítines-, se responde con multas, detenciones y, en muchos casos, golpes. Este artículo se centra en las experiencias de encierro y castigo y rescata las voces femeninas para comprender cómo las acciones punitivas han sido percibidas por las protagonistas, al tiempo que fueron capitalizadas políticamente como propaganda para la causa del sufragio.
In 1903, a small group of women led by Emmeline Pankhurst established the Women`s Social and Political Union, in Manchester. This organization was distinguishing from the rest of the suffrage movement because of the radical strategies and methods of struggle in order to conquest their goal. The very quick response was the symbolic violence toward them and, soon, the physical punishment to these women who threatened the whole social order when they disavowed the dictate of their natural sweetness and peacefulness. They used direct action methods - like West End windows-breaking campaign by throwing stones, artwork outrages, setting fire to letters in boxes and other arsons, interruptions to liberal Party meetings – which constituted a challenge to their supposed female nature were follow by fines, arrests, knocks and mistreatments. This article is about the confinement and punishment experiences through the female voices in order to understand how the repressive measures were received by them, as they capitalized them as a strong political propaganda in their favor.
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