Early Child Development, Residential Crowding, and Commute Time in 8 US States, 2010-2017.

• Autores: Eryn Piper Block, Frederick J. Zimmerman, Efren Aguilar, Lisa Stanley, Neal Halfon
• Localización: American journal of public health, ISSN 0090-0036, Vol. 108, Nº. 11, 2018, págs. 1550-1557
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objectives: To examine relationships of residential crowding and commute time with early child development.; Methods: We used the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a teacher-reported, population-health measure of child development. The sample included child-level observations spanning 8 US states from 2010 to 2017 (n = 185 012), aggregated to the census tract (n= 2793), stratified by percentage of households in poverty. To test the association of commute times, crowding, and child development, we tested overall readiness and 5 EDI domains by using adjusted census tract-level multivariate regression with fixed effects.; Results: In the full sample, a 1-standard-deviation increase in crowding was associated with 0.064- and 0.084-point decreases in mean score for cognitive development and communication skills, respectively. For the high-poverty subsample, a 1-standard deviation increase in commute time was associated with 0.081- and 0.066-point decreases in social competence and emotional maturity.; Conclusions: In neighborhoods with increased crowding or commute time, early child development suffers.; Policy Implications: This study suggests a potential relationship between the changing urban landscape and child health. Children would benefit from more multisector collaboration between urban planning and public health.;