Constructing the Phase Diagram of a Single-Component System Using Fundamental Principles of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics: A Spreadsheet-Based Learning Experience for Students
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Arthur M. Halpern [1] ; Charles J. Marzzacco [2]
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[1] Indiana State University
Indiana State University
Township of Harrison, Estados Unidos
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[2] Florida Institute of Technology
Florida Institute of Technology
Estados Unidos
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- Localización: Journal of chemical education, ISSN 0021-9584, Vol. 95, Nº 12, 2018, págs. 2197-2204
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
A spreadsheet project that enables students to construct chemical potential vs temperature plots, μ(T), of liquid and gaseous mercury and all three phases of diiodine and ammonia is presented. Statistical thermodynamics is used to determine the entropies of the substances in the gas phase. For the solid and liquid phases, students start with published heat capacities, third law entropies, and other thermodynamic quantities to obtain entropies over the range of temperatures needed. By using thermodynamic cycles, they calculate the chemical potentials of the metastable phases at standard conditions. With these values as starting points, students use the Gibbs equation and stepwise integration to obtain the chemical potentials over a range of temperatures. Using this data, they calculate the melting and boiling points and transition enthalpies and entropies from the intersection points of the two phases. The calculated thermochemical quantities are in excellent agreement with literature values.
