Aproximación histórica a la durabilidad de las estructuras en los tratados e instrucciones de hormigón en España

• Autores: Ismael Carpintero García, Javier León González
• Localización: Resúmenes de comunicaciones, 2014, ISBN 978-84-89670-80-8, págs. 25-26
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Historical approach to the durability of structures in the treaty and instructions of concrete in Spain
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• Resumen

  • In order to study or rehabilitate a concrete structure looking for a new working life as the present prescripts suggest, is appropriate to know previously how those structures where designed under a durability point of view.

    The beginning of structural concrete at the end of the XIX century was associated with several factors. The most important of these factors was its much greater durability and fire resistance compared to wood or metal structures.

    Despite of that, soon the concrete shows that in some particularly aggressive environments (sea, sulfates , acids, etc. . ) was necessary to implement commplementary actions to improve its durability . However, for several decades remained the idea itself of the invulnerability of concrete at not particularly aggressive environments .

    Already in the second half of the twentieth century the corrosion by carbonation processes in reinforced concrete was identified, but until that time this phenomenon had not been an excessive problematic functionality for the built concrete works. Shortly after, it was dentified other types of attacks to the active reinforcements , whose use had begun at the end of the first third of the century and became widespread in the last third .

    Afterwards, at the second half of the twentieth century the technology of the characteristics of reinforcements, concrete and cements growth a lot. Because of that situation, along with other factors, make the following years were to rise significantly the problems associated with the durability of structures concrete at not particularly aggressive environments .

    All this evolution is illustrated, with a logical gap, in the twentieth -century Spanish instructions and treaties, regarding their dosages specifications, covering, construction works, etc. . Thus, these treaties and instructions were reflecting not only the scientific knowledge to be had in every age, but also the differences when undertaking a public work or private development , and socio-economic circumstances of the country at all times.