Resumen de Time for radioimmunotherapy: an overview to bring improvements in clinical practice

Olwen Leaman, D. Candini, F. López Campos, M. Albert Antequera, Virginia Morillo Macías, Antonio José Conde Moreno, Aurora Rodríguez Pérez, Asunción Hervás Morón, Jorge Contreras Martínez, Carlos Ferrer Albiach, S. Navarro Aguilar, M. E. Rodríguez Ruiz

• Harnessing the patient’s own immune system against an established cancer has proven to be a successful strategy. Within the last years, several antibodies blocking critical “checkpoints” that control the activation of T cells, the immune cells able to kill cancer cells, have been approved for the use in patients with different tumours. Unfortunately, these cases remain a minority. Over the last years, radiotherapy has been reported as a means to turn a patient’s own tumour into an in situ vaccine and generate anti-tumour T cells in patients who lack sufficient anti-tumour immunity. Indeed, review data show that the strategy of blocking multiple selected immune inhibitory targets in combination with radiotherapy has the potential to unleash powerful anti-tumour responses and improve the outcome of metastatic solid tumours. Here, we review the principal tumours where research in this field has led to new knowledge and where radioimmunotherapy becomes a reality.