Exclusivity and kinds of models in modulated disjunctive inferences

• Autores: Miguel López Astorga
• Localización: Nóesis: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, ISSN 0188-9834, ISSN-e 2395-8669, Vol. 28, Nº. 55, 2019, págs. 185-195
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Exclusividad y tipos de modelos en inferencias disyuntivas moduladas / Exclusivity and kinds of models in modulated disjunctive inferences
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    La regla de introducción de la disyunción, esto es, el esquema de la lógica clásica que, a partir de una premisa, lleva a concluir una disyunción transformando la premisa en uno de los términos de tal disyunción, es un problema cognitivo. Esto es así debido a que las personas solo utilizan esta regla en ciertas circunstancias. Por tanto, toda teoría que trate de describir el razonamiento humano tiene que explicar también este fenómeno. Basándose en la teoría de los modelos mentales, Orenes y Johnson-Laird proponen una explicación a este respecto, y este trabajo pretende mostrar que, aunque puede parecer que su explicación es contradictoria con algunos supuestos esenciales y ciertos desarrollos importantes de la teoría mencionada, tal no es verdaderamente el caso. Los puntos clave en este sentido que serán analizados son el modo en que la teoría de los modelos mentales realmente entiende la disyunción y la distinción que este mismo enfoque plantea entre Modelos Mentales y Modelos Completamente Explícitos.AbstractThe disjunction introduction rule, that is, the schema in classical logic that, from a premise, leads to conclude a disjunction transforming the premise into a disjunct of that disjunction, is a cognitive problem. This is so because people only use this rule on a few occasions. Therefore, any theory trying to account for human reasoning must explain this phenomenon as well. Based on the mental models theory, Orenes and Johnson-Laird provide such an explanation. In this way, this paper is intended to show that, although it can seem that their account is in contradiction with some essential assumptions and important developments of the aforementioned theory, that is not actually so. The key points in this regard that will be analyzed are the way the mental models theory really understands disjunction and the distinction that this last approach presents between Mental Models and Fully Explicit Models.

  • English

    The disjunction introduction rule, that is, the schema in classical logic that, from a premise, leads to conclude a disjunction transforming the premise into a disjunct of that disjunction, is a cognitive problem. This is so because people only use this rule on a few occasions. Therefore, any theory trying to account for human reasoning must explain this phenomenon as well. Based on the mental models theory, Orenes and Johnson-Laird provide such an explanation. In this way, this paper is intended to show that, although it can seem that their account is in contradiction with some essential assumptions and important developments of the aforementioned theory, that is not actually so. The key points in this regard that will be analyzed are the way the mental models theory really understands disjunction and the distinction that this last approach presents between Mental Models and Fully Explicit Models.