Resumen de Factor structure of technical preparedness of judokas of various somatic types

Alexander Bolotin, Vladislav Bakayev, Valeriya Vasilyeva, Alexey Bobrishev

• The study focuses on the factor structure of technical preparedness of judokas of various somatic types, as they perform throws. The study showed that judokas of microsomal type usually use techniques that require greater levels of motion coordination abilities (47.2%), and rarely resort to power throws (19.3%). Mesosomal type wrestlers mostly use speed and power throws (41.3%), and rarely ‒ throws that require high levels of movement coordination ability (25.1%). Macrosomal type wrestlers most often use power throws (54.3%), the least contribution into the dispersion for this type of wrestlers belongs to movement coordination type of throws (17.6%). A total of eighteen judokas aged 16-18 of different somatic types were studied. The distribution into somatic types was carried out to determine the groups of somatic types of judokas taking part in the experiment. The subjects were distributed into three groups according to their somatic types. A total of five judokas were of MiS (microsomal) type; seven represented the MeS (mesosomal) type; and six - the MaS (macrosomal) type. All three groups of judokas were required to perform throws to assess their technique. The factor analysis of technical preparedness of judokas showed that the effectiveness of their throws might be influenced by their somatic type. The study established that microsomal judokas relied the most on movement coordination and speed; mesosomal ‒ on their perseverance, speed, and power, and macrosomal ‒ on their power alone as the leading physical quality.