Resumen de Lawrence Kohlberg e os anos de chumbo: demandas por justiça e a procura pela moralidade pós-convencional
Eliasaf Rodrigues de Assis, Kleber Carneiro Amora, Maurício Bronzatto, Ricardo Leite de Camargo
Este ensaio dedica-se a compreender o caráter biográfico e o contexto social e histórico em que Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) desenvolveu sua teoria cognitivo-desenvolvimentista sobre a moral, como ele mesmo a chamava. Discute, também, como as investigações que originaram a teoria moral kohlberguiana foram motivadas, em parte, por uma aguda procura pelo sentido de justiça. Essa busca por justiça era tanto pessoal quanto uma demanda por mudança social em escala global, contemporânea à sua vida e carreira acadêmica. Kohlberg aplicou suas descobertas à educação, concebendo a escola como um espaço privilegiado da busca por justiça e pela moralidade pós-convencional.Resumen alternativo:This essay is devoted to understanding the biographical nature and the social and historical context in which Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) developed his theory of cognitive development about morality, as he named ithimself. It also discusses how the investigations that originated Kohlberg's moral theory were motivated, inpart, by an acute search for the sense of justice. This quest was consolidated on the social movements ofprotest, in cultural products like music and photojournalism, and in specific research about authorityobedience. The “years of lead” lived by Kohlberg covers the end of the World War II, the Cold War, the repression of pacifist protests and it reaches the mid-1970s. The essay proposes that the quest of justice wasnot only personal, but also due to a demand for social change on a global scale, contemporary to Kohlberg’slife and academic career. Subsequently, Kohlberg applied his findings to education, conceiving the school as a privileged space for the search of justice and post-conventional morality.
