Análisis de los accidentes y las lesiones de los motociclistas en México
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[1] Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México
Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México
México
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- Localización: Gaceta médica de México, ISSN 0016-3813, Vol. 153, Nº. 6, 2017, págs. 662-671
- Idioma: español
- Enlaces
- Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
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Resumen
- español
Objetivo: Analizar el tipo de lesiones, las características y la distribución geográfica de los accidentes ocurridos a motociclistas en México. Método: Se realizó análisis descriptivo y asociación de variables de fuentes de información secundaria de los accidentes (N = 41,881), el total de lesionados (N = 13,916) y los egresos hospitalarios (N = 9,111) ocurridos en motocicleta durante el año 2014. Resultados: De los lesionados, el 76.6% eran hombres, el 53.74% del total de las mujeres eran pasajeras, el 55.1% de las defunciones fueron debidas a traumatismos intracraneales, solo el 16.6% usaron casco y los que no lo portaban tuvieron 2.11 (odds ratio [OR]:2.1;intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 1.8-2.4) veces mayor probabilidad de lesión en la cabeza. Respecto a la gravedad del accidente, se encontró que los ocurridos en zonas suburbanas (OR:6.58; IC 95%: 5.69-7.60), en superficies de rodamiento no pavimentadas (OR:4.13; IC 95%: 3.04-5.61), bajo consumo de alcohol (OR:1.89; IC 95%: 1.46-2.44), en periodos nocturnos (OR:2.24; IC 95%: 1.95-2.57) y durante el fin de semana (OR:1.65; IC 95%: 1.44-1.90) tienen mayor probabilidad de ser accidentes fatales. Conclusiones: A pesar de los avances en materia de seguridad vial, los accidentes en motocicleta continúan en aumento y la prevalencia del uso casco es baja. Se deben difundir los subgrupos y factores de riesgo, además de fortalecer la normatividad sobre la comercialización y la utilización del equipo de seguridad para reducir las lesiones.
- English
Objective: To analyze the type of injuries and the characteristics and geographical distribution of road accidents where motorcycles were involved in Mexico. Methods: A descriptive analysis of second-hand information sources was conducted, including the number of accidents (N = 41,881), total number of injured people (N = 13,916) and medical expenses (N = 9,111) associated to motorcycle accidents during 2014. Results: Motorcycles represent 13.14% of the total number of deaths in road accidents in Mexico, and the Southeast region of Mexico registers the highest proportion of fatal injuries.
Of the total number of motorcycles, 1.84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.83-1.86) were involved in a collision. 3.64 (95% CI: 3.39-3.89) people died and 105.5 (95% CI: 104.1-106.8) were injured in every 10,000. Out of the total number of injuries, 76.6% were male and 53.74% were women. 55.1% of deaths were caused by intracranial trauma. Only 16.6% wore a helmet at the time of the accident, and those not wearing a helmet had a 2.11 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.1; CI 95%: 1.8-2.4) higher chance of head injury. Regarding the severity of the crash, those occurred in suburban areas (OR: 6.58; CI 95%: 5.69-7.60), in unpaved surfaces (OR: 4.13; CI 95%: 3.04-5.61), after low alcohol consumption (OR: 1.89; CI 95%: 1.46-2.44), at night (OR: 2.24; CI 95%: 1.95-2.57) and on weekends (OR: 1.65; CI 95%: 1.44-1.90), had the highest chance of turning into a fatal accident. Conclusions: In spite of the progress made in terms of road safety, motorcycle accidents are still increasing, and the use of a helmet is still proportionally low. More information on these groups and risk factors needs to be available so people are better informed. Also, regulations need improvements regarding the use of security equipment like helmets in order to reduce injuries and fatal accidents.
- español
