Resumen de Morbilidad Materna extremadamente grave en el Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz, 2012

Guadalupe Quiroz Huerta, Claudia Suárez Tepetla, Cecilia Cortés Salazar, Wendoly Rojo Contreras, Eduardo Morales Andrade

• español

  Introducción: La Morbilidad Materna Extremadamente Grave (MMEG) es una complicación grave que ocurre durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio, que pone en riesgo la vida de la mujer y requiere de una atención inmediata con el fin de evitar la muerte.

  Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y factores de riesgo de MMEG en el Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz (CEMEV).

  Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, en mujeres atendidas por algún evento obstétrico (embarazo, parto o puerperio) en el CEMEV, quienes cursaron con morbilidad materna durante 2012; se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, gineco-obstétricas y de morbilidad.

  Resultados: Se atendieron 6,960 mujeres por eventos obstétricos y se encontraron 252 mujeres con morbilidad materna leve o moderada (MLM) y 74 con morbilidad materna extremadamente grave (MMEG). Su prevalencia fue 1.06 por cada 100 eventos obstétricos. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo: madre analfabeta o primaria incompleta, periodo intergenésico menor de 2 años y mayor a 10 años.

  Conclusiones: Se proponen como acciones para reducir la MMEG: identificar a pacientes con factores de riesgo, asegurar el sistema de triage obstétrico existente en el CEMEV, fortalecer el sistema de referencia y contrarreferencia y establecer un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de la morbilidad materna similar al que existe de la muerte materna.

• English

  Introduction: Extremely Severe Maternal Morbidity (ESMM) is a serious complication that occurs during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, threatening the lives of women and requires immediate attention in order to avoid death. Objective: in the Center of Medical Specialities in the state of Veracruz (CMSSV) during 2012. Material and Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in women treated for an obstetric event (pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum) , who went through maternal morbidity during their stay at the CMSSV during 2012; sociodemographic, gyneco-obstetric and morbidity characteristics were analyzed; methods used include frequency, variability and association measures. Results: 6,960 women were treated for obstetric events, 252 were enrolled with mild or moderate maternal morbidity (MMM) and 74 with extremely severe maternal morbidity (ESMM); prevalence was 1.06 of each 100 women served by obstetric care. Incomplete primary illiterate mother or incomplete elementary school, intergenesic period of less than 2 years and greater than 10 were found as risk factors. Conclusions: We propose as actions to reduce ESMM: identify patients with risk factors, ensuring existing obstetrical triage system in CEMEV, strengthen the system of re- ference and counter and establish a system of epidemiological surveillance maternal morbidity similar to what exists of maternal death.