Resumen de Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pneumonitis: Case report
Isabel María Carrión Madroñal, David Morales Pancorbo, Francisco Javier Jiménez Ruiz, Victoria Garcia Samblas, María Teresa Garrido Martínez
Today, oncological immunotherapy is a biological therapy that constitutes a new tool for treating solid tumors stimulating the immune system to combat cancer. Pembrolizumab is an example of an anti-PD-1 drug that unblocks T-cell inhibition and induces immune system activation. Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease) is a severe adverse event in patients treated with anti-PD-1 drugs that has even been linked to respiratory failure and death. We present the case of a 70-year-old patient diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma undergoing treatment with chemotherapy and pembrolizumab. After seven cycles, the patient was hospitalized in the oncology unit for dyspnea, fever and pulmonary infiltrate. The patient presented respiratory failure with no response to corticoids or broad spectrum antibiotics. The chest CT showed probable pneumonitis secondary to immunotherapy. In line with current guidelines, an immunosuppressant therapy was initiated with infliximab 5 mg/kg to reverse toxic effects. Six days after initiating treatment with infliximab, and admission in Intensive Care Unit had been dismissed, the patient died due to respiratory failure. © 2019 Rasgo Editorial S.A.. All rights reserved.
