R. Fernández González, R. García Robles, José Carlos Rodríguez Pérez, Casimiro Gomez Pajuelo, E. Moreno Carretero
La proteinuria es un predictor de morbi-mortalidad en pacientes hipertensos con diabetes tipo 2; los IECAs son fármacos de elección en estos pacientes; si la res- puesta no es suficiente, la asociación de un antagonista del calcio no dihidropi- ridínico podría ser una alternativa eficaz. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del tratamiento con el IECA trandolapril, en monoterapia o asociado a ve- rapamil, sobre la excreción urinaria de albúmina, la PA y el control metabólico en pacientes hipertensos con diabetes tipo 2 y proteinuria.
Estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo, secuencial, abierto; período de lavado far- macológico antihipertensivo de 4 semanas; cuantificación de la excreción urinaria de albúmina (EUA) de 24 horas. Medida de PA: media de 3 tomas en sedestación tras reposo, con esfigmomanómetro de mercurio calibrado. Tratamiento inicial con trandolapril 2 mg/día; a los pacientes no respondedores (descenso de PA ≤ 5 mmHg) o no controlados (PA ≥ 140/90), se añadió verapamil 180 mg a las 8 semanas. Du- ración del estudio: 12 semanas. 230 pacientes finalizaron el estudio.
Las características basales fueron de la población: 157 (55,9%) hombres; edad media: 61,7 ± 9,2 años. PAS/PAD: 165,4 ± 14,6/94,8 ± 8,5 mmHg. Glucemia:
162,7 ± 43,9 mg/dl. HbAlc: 6,8 ± 1,2%. Albuminuria (mg/24 h): 520,9 ± 602.
Reducción media de la EUA con el tratamiento: 177,9 ± 24,3 mg/día (IC 95%, 129,9-225,8, p < 0,001). reducción porcentual: 29,6%. La albuminuria se nega- tivizó (< 30 mg/día) en 47 pacientes. 125 (54%) pacientes controlaron la PA. La glucemia descendió a 153,2 ± 42,7 mg/dL (p < 0,001) y la HbAlc pasó a 6,5 ± 1,3% (p = 0,012). En estos pacientes, el trandolapril, en monoterapia o asociado a verapamil, es una alternativa terapéutica que reduce significativamente la al- buminuria, controla aceptablemente la PA y facilita su control metabólico.
The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of the ACE-1, Trandolapril, alone or with Verapamil on blood pressure, albuminuria and metabolic profile in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension and albuminuria. It was an open multicen- ter, consecutive and prospective study conducted in 281 patients. There was a four-week wash-out period of antihypertensive drugs, after which we carried out a measurement over a 24-h period of the urinary excretion of albumina (UEA).
Blood pressure was recorded after at least 5 minutes of rest in the sitting position at 1 to 3 minute intervals with a mercury sphygmomanometer in good condition.
Average BP was obtained from three consecutive readings. Within treatment chan- ges were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-tests on the change from ba- seline. Analysis of variance, chi-square and Mc Nemar tests were also used. If after 8 weeks of treatment with Trandolapril 2 mg o.q.d. the patients were non- responders (mean blood pressure reduction of 5 mmHg or less) or their blood pressure remained uncontrolled (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg), Verapamil 180 mg o.q.d. was added. Two hundred and thirty patients completed the 12 weeks study. Population included 157 (55.9%) males with an average of 61.7 ± 9.2 years.
Baseline measurements were systolic 165.4 ± 14.6 and diastolic 94.8 ± 8.5 mmHg blood pressures, fasting glucose 162.7 ± 43.9 mg/dL, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) 6.8 ± 1.2%, and albuminuria 520.9 ± 602 mg/day. UEA fell significantly (p < 0.001) after treatment to 177.9 ± 24.3 mg/day (CI 95%, 129.9 to 225.8). The percent reduction reached 29.6%. Albuminuria was lower than 30 mg/day in 47 patients. Blood pressure was completely controlled in 125 (54%) patients. Glu- cemia fell significantly (p < 0.001) to 153.2 ± 42.7 mg/dL, and the HbAlc to 6.5 ± 1.3% (p = 0.012). In summary, in those diabetic type 2 patients with arterial hypertension and proteinuria, Trandolapril alone or associated with Verapamil sig- nificant lowered albuminuria and blood pressure facilitated the control or their metabolic profile.
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