Resumen de Estudio de las inundaciones en la ciudad de Morelia Michoacán, México

Eleazar Arreygue Rocha, Nagore Pastor, Carlos Chávez Negrete, Jorge Alarcón Ibarra

• español

  En el presente trabajo se recogen los resultados del estudio de inundabilidad de la ciudad de Morelia (México).Frecuentemente se inundan algunas poblaciones del noroeste de la ciudad, debido a desbordamientos de los principales ríosque la atraviesan, concretamente los ríos Grande y Chiquito. La modelización de las zonas inundables se llevó a cabomediante el programa HEC–RAS, lo que permitió conocer la capacidad máxima previa al desbordamiento y lascaracterísticas del flujo en régimen influenciado a partir del análisis de secciones transversales, incluyendo los numerosospuentes que atraviesan ambos ríos, y considerados, a priori, una de las causas fundamentales de los frecuentesdesbordamientos observados. Finalmente, se estimó el periodo de recurrencia de los caudales de desbordamiento estimadospreviamente mediante el análisis hidráulico. A partir del estudio se determinaron los puntos más vulnerables, proponiéndosemedidas correctoras con el objetivo de minimizar el riesgo en las poblaciones aledañas a los cauces.

• English

  This paper focuses on the analysis of the degree of flooding vulnerability to which the city of Morelia is usually exposed to. Our concern arises due to the fact that every rainy season several neighborhoods in Morelia tend to get flooded, especially in the northern part of the city which the “Rio Grande” runs through. The southeastern part of the city, through which the “Rio Chiquito” reaches into, is often affected as well. Heavy rainfall in the upper part of the basin causes great flows, which in turn endanger the neighborhoods that are located near these rivers. The runoff of both rivers, “Grande” and “Chiquito”, was analyzed in order to create a computer-generated model using HEC-RAS to evaluate the displacement of their free surface waters under permanent moving conditions in each river as well as the geometric conditions of their transversal sections. The amount of water flow was also measured taking into consideration the bridges that rest across them without overlooking the geometry of such structures. Having gathered all these data, the most vulnerable spots were identified and some simple preventive measures and actions were proposed. Such measures and actions will help diminish or even eliminate flooding risks for the settlements nearby these two main innercity water streams.