Incidence of and Factors Associated With Leprosy Among Household Contacts of Patients With Leprosy in Brazil

• Autores: Camila Silveira Silva Teixeira, Júlia Moreira Pescarini, Flávia Jôse Oliveira Alves, Joilda Silva Nery, Carlos Teles, Maria Yury Travassos Ichihara, Anna Ramond, Liam Smeeth, Maria Lucia Fernandes Penna, Laura Cunha Rodrigues, Elizabeth B. Brickley, Gerson Oliveira Penna, Maurício Lima Barreto, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro Silva
• Localización: JAMA Dermatology, ISSN 2168-6068, Vol. 156, Nº. 6, 2020, págs. 640-648
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Importance Despite progress toward reducing global incidence, leprosy control remains a challenge in low- and middle-income countries.

    Objective To estimate new case detection rates of leprosy among household contacts of patients with previously diagnosed leprosy and to investigate its associated risk factors.

    Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study included families registered in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort linked with nationwide registries of leprosy; data were collected from January 1, 2007, through December 31, 2014. Household contacts of patients with a previous diagnosis of leprosy from each household unit were followed up from the time of detection of the primary case to the time of detection of a subsequent case or until December 31, 2014. Data analysis was performed from May to December 2018.

    Exposures Clinical characteristics of the primary case and sociodemographic factors of the household contact.

    Main Outcomes and Measures Incidence of leprosy, estimated as the new case detection rate of leprosy per 100 000 household contacts at risk (person-years at risk). The association between occurrence of a subsequent leprosy case and the exposure risk factors was assessed using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regressions allowing for state- and household-specific random effects.