Early (D1-D3) Variscan structures, those earlier than, or coeval with the main Variscan schistoslty (S3), are described along a N-S cross-section in the eastern part o f the Pyrenean Axial Zone, especially in the so-called Villefranche syncline. This syncline is a late (D6) Variscan, E-W synclinenorth of the late Variscan Canigou dome. There, kilometric scale S-vergent folds (PI) are cross-cutted and disrupted by S-directed thrusts, either pre-D3 (C l) or syn-D3 (C3); in the Villefranche ThrustSheet, Devonian-Carboniferous series forms a duplex, the Villefranche Duplex. N-S shortening amounts to ca. 150 km in the eastern Axial Zone (22 km for the Villefranche Duplex). The overall structure, in Namurian-Westphalian time, was a part of the southern fold-and-thrust belt of the Variscan belt, before it was affected by HT-LP metamorphism and intruded by granite plutons dated at ca. 307 Ma (late Westphalian to early Stephanian).
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