Immune status and the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with localized Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck

M. Yusuf; J. Gaskins; M. E. May; S. Mandish; W. Wall; W. Fisher; A. Tennant; J. Jorgensen; J. Bumpous; E. Dunlap

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Immune status and the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with localized Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck

M. Yusuf ^[1] ; J. Gaskins ^[1] ; M. E. May ^[1] ; S. Mandish ^[1] ; W. Wall ^[3] ; W. Fisher ^[2] ; P. Tennant ^[1] ; J. Jorgensen ^[1] ; J. Bumpous ^[1] ; N. Dunlap ^[1]
1. [1] University of Louisville
  
  University of Louisville
  
  Estados Unidos
2. [2] University of South Florida
  
  University of South Florida
  
  Estados Unidos
3. [3] Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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Localización: Clinical & translational oncology, ISSN 1699-048X, Vol. 22, Nº. 11, 2020, págs. 2009-2016
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- Purpose Immunosuppressed (IS) patients are at increased risk for developing Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) with worsened outcomes compared to immunocompetent (IC) patients. We sought to determine the effects of immune status on the efficacy of adjuvant RT regarding OS for patients with stage I, II or III (localized) MCC of the head and neck.Methods/patientsThe National Cancer Database was queried for patients with resected, localized MCC of the head and neck with known immune status. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to describe OS. Log-rank tests, multivariable Cox regression models and interaction effect testing were used to compare OS by subgroup categorized by patient and treatment factors including immune status and adjuvant RT receipt.ResultsA total of 892 (89.6%) IC and 104 (10.4%) IS patients with MCC of the head and neck were included. Adjuvant RT was associated with improved 3-year OS rate for both IS patients (49.4% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.0467) and stage I/II IC patients (72.4% vs. 62.9%, p = 0.0092). Adjuvant RT was associated with decreased hazard of death (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62–0.95). Interaction effect testing did not demonstrate a difference in the efficacy of adjuvant RT on OS between IC and IS status (p = 0.157).ConclusionsIn this NCDB analysis, adjuvant RT was associated with decreased hazard of death for patients with localized MCC of the head and neck regardless of immune status and should be considered for both IS and IC patients.