The paper discusses the proposal of Hoerl and McCormack (2017), who attribute episodic memory to non-human animals only if these manifest behavioral evidence of not being stuck in the present by means of event-independent thinking about time. Even though I claim that not being stuck in the present is not a sufficient condition for attributing episodic memory, I recognize that it is a necessary condition. It is then suggest that the experiments about the sequential use of tools may be a way to test whether animals have some kind of time representation. The evidence from this research area seems to indicate that animals represent time to order a series of events.
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