Effects of Active and Passive Warm-ups on Range of Motion, Strength, and Muscle Passive Properties in Ankle Plantarflexor Muscles

Kosuke Takeuchi; Masahiro Takemura; Masatoshi Nakamura; Fumiko Tsukuda; Shumpei Miyakawa

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Effects of Active and Passive Warm-ups on Range of Motion, Strength, and Muscle Passive Properties in Ankle Plantarflexor Muscles

Kosuke Takeuchi ^[1] ; Masahiro Takemura ^[1] ; Masatoshi Nakamura ^[2] ; Fumiko Tsukuda ^[3] ; Shumpei Miyakawa
1. [1] Kobe International University
  
  Kobe International University
  
  Chuo-ku, Japón
2. [2] Niigata University of Health and Welfare
  
  Niigata University of Health and Welfare
  
  Nishi Ku, Japón
3. [3] Biwako Seikei Sport College
  
  Biwako Seikei Sport College
  
  Japón
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Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 35, Nº. 1, 2021, págs. 141-146
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of active and passive warm-ups on flexibility and strength of calf muscles. Fourteen healthy males (age: 23.1 +/- 2.6 years, height: 172.7 +/- 5.6 cm, and body mass: 64.5 +/- 7.0 kg) performed 3 types of warm-ups respectively for 10 minutes in a random order: an active warm-up by pedaling a cycling ergometer, an active warm-up doing repeated isometric contractions, and a passive warm-up in a hot water bath. To assess flexibility, range of motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion, passive torque of ankle plantarflexion, and muscle tendon junction (MTJ) displacement were measured and then muscle tendon unit (MTU) stiffness was calculated. After the flexibility assessment, peak torque during maximum voluntary isometric contraction was measured to assess the isometric strength. These data were compared before and after each warm-up. As a result, all 3 types of warm-ups increased ROM (p < 0.05) and passive torque at terminal ROM (p < 0.01), but there were no significant changes in MTU stiffness or MTJ displacement. The active warm-up by pedaling a cycling ergometer increased peak torque during isometric contraction (p < 0.05), whereas the other warm-ups did not show significant alterations. In conclusion, the active warm-up with aerobic exercise increased flexibility and strength of the calf muscles.