Refranes españoles y sus equivalentes mexicanos

• Autores: Lucía Navarro-Brotons
• Localización: Fraseología, Diatopía y Traducción / Phraseology, Diatopic Variation and Translation / coord. por Pedro Mogorrón Huerta, Juan Antonio Albaladejo Martínez, 2018, ISBN 978-90-272-0225-3, págs. 263-277
• Idioma: español
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• Dialnet Métricas: 5 Citas
• Resumen

  • Language has the ability to adapt to the needs of the moment. With the arrival of the Spanish people in Mexico, the language of the conquerors came into contact with autochthonous languages. Gradually, indigenous words became part of the Spanish language undergoing orthographic changes. Centuries later, they are still present in the Spanish spoken in Mexico and in its proverbs. In this paper we will analyze diatopic proverb variations: on one hand we will present Mexican proverbs with words from Nahuatl or tradition, culture, and Mexican folklore. On the other hand, we will also present Spanish proverbs which have experienced different lexical variations. In order to do this, we have relied on a corpus of 2150 Mexican proverbs taken from different collections of proverbs, newspapers, and Mexican dictionaries: 150 proverbs from the cultural section of the Mexican newspaper El Universal (2007) and 2000 proverbs from Los refranes del hablar mexicano en el siglo XX (2002), El Refranero Mexicano (Perez Martinez, 2004), and Diccionario breve de mexicanismos (Gomez de Silva, 2001). With this corpus, and the help of the Refranero Multilingue, where we have contrasted the Mexican proverbs with the Spanish, we have obtained more than a hundred proverbs that present variations both in Spain and Mexico. We have analyzed different kinds of variations, and we have proceeded to make a taxonomy which shows that we cannot talk about only one type of variation in these proverbs. On the contrary, a proverb can show different types of variations: lexical variations, verbal form variations, singular or plural variations, and so on. This fact proves Gaston Gross (1996:16) affirmation: "Les variantes sont plus frequentes que le figement total". We will work with two big groups: proverbs with lexical variation (they can be exclusively lexical or they can also have another kind of variation in addition to this one) and proverbs with all kinds of variations: morphological variation, prepositional variation, suppression or enlargement variation and, finally, variation based on changing the order of words which compose the proverb.